Do Bots Provide Correct and Adequate Guidance Regarding Acidity: A Blinded Comparison Rated by Patients and Physicians

Document Type

Article

Publication Date

9-20-2026

Publication Title

World J Methodol

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly accessed by patients for gastrointestinal health information. Despite their growing use, concerns persist regarding accuracy, empathy, actionability, and readability of responses generated by LLMs.

AIM: To assess the responses generated by ChatGPT-5, Gemini-2.5, and Claude-4 for common patient questions on "acidity" (heartburn/dyspepsia/gastroesophageal reflux disease).

METHODS: Thirty-nine frequently asked questions were submitted to each model. Responses were independently rated by three gastroenterologists for accuracy, comprehensiveness, empathy, and actionability; and by 20 patients for empathy, comprehensiveness, actionability, compassion, and usefulness. Readability indices were also analyzed.

RESULTS: Significant inter-model differences were observed across multiple physician-rated domains. Gemini-2.5 and Claude-4 achieved higher mean scores for accuracy, comprehensiveness, and actionability compared with ChatGPT-5 (

CONCLUSION: These findings underscore the need for careful model selection and suggest that hybrid approaches integrating complementary model strengths may optimize safe and effective artificial intelligence -assisted patient education in gastroenterology.

Volume

16

Issue

3

First Page

116022

Last Page

116022

DOI

10.5662/wjm.v16.i3.116022

ISSN

2222-0682

PubMed ID

42625999

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