Prevalence of Thyroid Eye Disease (TED) in the United States

Document Type

Conference Proceeding

Publication Date

6-2025

Publication Title

Investigative Ophthalmology and Visual Science

Abstract

Purpose : Accurate population-level data on the prevalence of thyroid eye disease (TED) in the United States is limited, impeding a clear understanding of disease burden. This study aims to estimate the prevalence of patients diagnosed and actively managed with TED in the U.S. using real-world data (RWD). We further analyzed incidence rates by patient characteristics, including age and gender.

Methods : We conducted two separate retrospective, observational studies using Forian open and closed claims data. Patients were included in the analysis if they had a Graves’ Disease diagnosis code on ≥2 medical claims (ICD-10 codes E05.00 or E05.01) at least 180 days apart between January 2015 and July 2024 or >=1 medical claims for teprotumumab.

Active TED management by Ophthalmologists was defined using two criteria: (1) a stricter definition requiring a patient encounter where an ophthalmologist billed for a diagnosis such as Graves' Disease or for a specific ophthalmic condition (E05.00, E05.01, H16.8, H47.01x), or a medical claim for teprotumumab use; and (2) a looser definition requiring any medical claim by an ophthalmologist. Incidence rates were calculated using both open and closed claims data and projected to national estimates using U.S. census data stratified by age, gender, and state (open claims) or total enrolled patients on an annualized basis (closed claims).

Results : A total of 448,020 patients were identified in the open claims database with Graves’ Disease claims or teprotumumab use. Of these, 64,263 (14%) met the strict criteria for active TED management, while 161,467 (36%) met the loose criteria. National projections from 2020 to 2023 using the strict criteria estimated a mean of 24,508 actively managed TED patients per year, with a estimated prevalence of 24 per 100,000 in 2023. Gender analysis revealed a 4:1 female-to-male ratio (79% female vs. 21% male). Age analysis indicated the highest prevalence in older adults: 25% aged 60-69, 24% aged 70+, and 20% aged 50-59. Closed claims data indicated a slightly lower prevalence in 2023, 13 per 100,000 using the strict definition. Since these data are sourced from large national payers and national employer insurance data, the sample may be biased towards a younger, commercially managed population.

Volume

66

Issue

8

First Page

4292

Comments

Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology ARVO Annual Meeting, May 4-8, 2025, Salt Lake City, UT

Last Page

4292

Link to Full Text

Share

COinS